Lakes and rivers water quality samples, ACT
liveResults of the ACT Lakes and Rivers water quality monitoring program, which a NATA accredited laboratory runs for the ACT Government at 20 sites in the ACT and one in Burrinjuck Reservoir. Each row carries the sampling date and time, the site code and name, latitude and longitude, the depth in metres or the sample type (surface, bottom or depth-integrated tube), the analyte (24 physical, chemical and biological measures and the gauge height and flow), the value and the unit.
Also called: ACT Lakes and Rivers Water Quality, Lake Ginninderra and Lake Tuggeranong water quality data, Murrumbidgee and Molonglo water quality samples.
- What is in each row?
- One measurement of one analyte in one sample, with the date, the site code and name, the site's coordinates, the depth or sample type, the analyte, the value and its unit.
- What do the less than and greater than values mean?
- The publisher writes a value outside the laboratory's limit of detection with a less than or greater than sign. The value is kept as text so those signs survive.
- How often are sites sampled?
- The publisher samples 20 sites in the ACT and one in Burrinjuck Reservoir six to eight times a year, in rivers, creeks, urban lakes and ponds. In lakes a probe takes a depth profile from the surface to the bottom.
Made for agents
Connect your AI agent
Any agent that connects to publicdata.au/mcp can find this dataset, read its 9 fields, count and filter across all 31,850 rows and diff its versions. Every answer names the version and carries Office of Water's attribution. No key.
Then ask it: What does Lakes and rivers water quality samples, ACT hold, and what changed in the newest version?
claude mcp add --transport http publicdata https://publicdata.au/mcpOne command. No key, no account, no sign-up.
Settings, then Connectors, then Add custom connector, and paste https://publicdata.au/mcp.
On the web and in the desktop app.
https://publicdata.au/mcpStreamable HTTP. Cursor, VS Code or any client that connects to a remote MCP server.
Using https://publicdata.au/llms.txt, how many people died on Queensland roads in 2025, by month?For an assistant that reads the web and has no connector.
The dashboard above, live. Click to filter, add panels, share a link or embed a frame.
Query APIFilter and count from a URLaggregate?group=sitename&metric=count
Measurements by site: 3,329 Burrinjuck Reservoir at Cape Hope, 2,838 Lake Tuggeranong, 2,744 Lake Ginninderra at wall, 2,042 Yerrabi Pond.
Download it as Excel, CSV, JSON and 9 more formats
Pick a format and a version. Excel is picked first because it opens in the tools most offices have. The URL is yours to keep. A dated version never changes.
In your own tools
Use it in Excel, R, Python and more
Excel and Power BI read the CSV from its address and refresh from it. The R and Python packages take any dataset on this site by its slug, so a new dataset needs no new release. The DuckDB file attaches read-only over HTTPS, and a query reads only the blocks it touches.
The dated URL in the code never changes. https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/latest/ redirects to the newest version.
https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/latest/data.csvIn Excel choose Data, then From Web, and paste this address. Excel keeps it, so Refresh All reads the newest version. A sheet holds about a million rows; past that, load the query to the Data Model.
https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/latest/data.csvIn Power BI Desktop choose Get data, then Web, paste this address and choose Anonymous when asked how to sign in. A scheduled refresh reads the same address, so the report follows each new version.
library(publicdataau)
df <- pd_read("act-lakes-rivers-water-quality")
pd_attribution(df)install.packages("publicdataau"). pd_read() fetches the version's Parquet file; pd_rows() and pd_aggregate() ask the query API instead, and pd_connect() attaches the DuckDB file.
import publicdata_au as pd_au
df = pd_au.read("act-lakes-rivers-water-quality")
df.attrs["publicdata"]["attribution"]pip install "publicdata-au[pandas]". read() fetches the version's Parquet file; rows() and aggregate() ask the query API, and connect() attaches the DuckDB file.
INSTALL httpfs; LOAD httpfs;
ATTACH 'https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/v/2026-01-19/data.duckdb' AS act_lakes_rivers_water_quality (READ_ONLY);
SELECT siteid, count(*) FROM act_lakes_rivers_water_quality.records GROUP BY 1 ORDER BY 2 DESC;The DuckDB file attaches read-only over HTTPS and only the blocks a query touches are read. Parquet works the same way: FROM read_parquet(url).
const res = await fetch("https://publicdata.au/api/v1/datasets/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/aggregate?group=sitename&metric=count");
const { rows, publicdata } = await res.json();
console.log(rows, publicdata.attribution);The query API answers a page on any site as well as Node, with no key. It returns the rows and the attribution the licence asks for.
What is in it
Column names are made snake_case and the publisher's original header is kept beside each one. Blank cells are null. Nothing is added, removed, ranked or summarised. Cells were typed and headers were made snake_case. The publisher's header is kept beside every field in schema.json. Rows were left alone.
| Field | Type | Publisher's header | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| date | datetime | Date | The publisher says the time of day is not accurate. |
| siteid | string | SiteID | |
| sitename | string | SiteName | |
| latitude | number | Latitude | |
| longitude | number | Longitude | |
| depth | string | Depth | Metres below the surface, or S, B or T for a surface, bottom or depth-integrated tube sample. |
| variable | string | Variable | |
| value | string | Value | Text, so a value the publisher marks as below or above the limit of detection keeps its sign. |
| unit | string | Unit |
Download this table as a data dictionary (Excel), or read it as a Frictionless Table Schema at schema.json.
A sample of 10 rows
From the latest version, newest first by date and time, each site code in turn, then in the publisher's order, with every field. A blank cell is shown as null.
| date | siteid | sitename | latitude | longitude | depth | variable | value | unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-12-30T11:41:00 | LGN321 | Lake Ginninderra at naval station | -35.226938 | 149.078625 | B | Temperature | 21.5 | °C |
| 2025-12-30T11:24:00 | LGN318 | Lake Ginninderra at wall | -35.223467 | 149.068236 | B | Temperature | 22.1 | °C |
| 2025-12-30T10:40:00 | GIN346 | Gungahlin Pond | -35.19252 | 149.106496 | S | Temperature | 24.4 | °C |
| 2025-12-30T10:11:00 | YERRABI | Yerrabi Pond | -35.17854 | 149.127765 | B | Temperature | 23.2 | °C |
| 2025-12-19T10:03:00 | PHP270 | Point Hut Pond | -35.455926 | 149.078785 | T | Total Organic Carbon (as NPOC) | 6 | mg/L |
| 2025-12-19T09:22:00 | LYN010 | Lyneham Pond | -35.255344 | 149.1299 | S | Total Organic Carbon (as NPOC) | 18 | mg/L |
| 2025-12-19T08:59:00 | DIC010 | Dickson Pond | -35.25165 | 149.148096 | S | Total Organic Carbon (as NPOC) | 18 | mg/L |
| 2025-12-19T08:40:00 | MIT010 | Mitchell Pond | -35.227285 | 149.142877 | S | Total Organic Carbon (as NPOC) | 8 | mg/L |
| 2025-12-19T08:19:00 | FLE010 | Flemington Pond | -35.22212 | 149.145698 | S | Total Organic Carbon (as NPOC) | 10 | mg/L |
| 2025-12-16T11:05:00 | BJK102 | Burrinjuck Reservoir at Cape Hope | -34.9452 | 148.80537 | T | Total Organic Carbon (as NPOC) | 5 | mg/L |
The first row as JSON
As it appears in data.json.
GET https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/latest/data.json
{
"date": "2015-05-11T15:00:00",
"siteid": "BJK102",
"sitename": "Burrinjuck Reservoir at Cape Hope",
"latitude": -34.9452,
"longitude": 148.80537,
"depth": "0.3",
"variable": "Dissolved Oxygen",
"value": "10.2",
"unit": "mg/L"
}
Query it without downloading
The query API returns only the rows you ask for, as JSON, NDJSON or CSV, from the same typed rows as the files. It needs no key. Build a query here and run it, then copy the URL or the code into your own work.
How filters work
Each filter is field=operator.value in the query string, and every filter must match. A number or date field compares as a number or date, and a text field compares as text. Values are case-sensitive except with ilike. Prefix not. to negate a filter, as not.eq.value.
| Operator | What it matches |
|---|---|
| eq.value | Equal to the value. |
| neq.value | Not equal to the value. A blank cell does not match. |
| gt.value | Greater than the value. |
| gte.value | Greater than or equal to the value. |
| lt.value | Less than the value. |
| lte.value | Less than or equal to the value. |
| like.*text* | Matches a pattern where * stands for any run of characters. Case-sensitive. |
| ilike.*text* | The same as like, ignoring case. |
| in.(a,b,c) | Equal to any value in the list. A value cannot contain a comma. |
| is.null | Blank in the source, or suppressed by the publisher. |
| Parameter | What it does |
|---|---|
| select | Fields to return, comma-separated. Every field when absent. |
| order | field.asc or field.desc, comma-separated. The publisher's row order when absent. |
| limit | Rows per page, 1 to 10,000. 100 when absent. |
| offset | Rows to skip. The next URL in each answer sets it for you. |
| group | On aggregate, fields to group by, comma-separated. |
| metric | On aggregate, count, sum.field, avg.field, min.field or max.field, comma-separated. count when absent. |
| format | json, ndjson or csv. JSON carries the provenance header, and the others carry it in response headers. |
Without a version the API answers from the newest loaded version, and that answer changes when the publisher releases again. Put versions/<date>/ before rows or aggregate for an answer that never changes. /api/v1/datasets/<slug>/versions lists the loaded versions. The 1 newest version is loaded; versions lists them.
The API allows 60 requests in 10 seconds from one address. Above that it answers 429 for 10 seconds with a Retry-After header, a RateLimit-Policy header and a JSON body that gives the limit. Every API answer carries the same RateLimit-Policy. A client should wait the Retry-After seconds, or read the files, which have no limit. openapi.json describes this dataset's query paths for client generators and agents.
https://publicdata.au/mcp is a remote MCP server over Streamable HTTP with the same tools, defined in the same place, so a tool added to the pages is added here too. It needs no key and no account. The row tools are held to the query API's limit of 60 queries in 10 seconds from one address, and each call is two queries because it also counts the matching rows. Add it to Claude Code with claude mcp add --transport http publicdata https://publicdata.au/mcp, add the URL in Claude as a custom connector, or give it to any client that connects to remote MCP servers. Each queryable dataset is also a resource at https://publicdata.au/d/<slug>/fields.json, which lists its fields with their types, the publisher's descriptions, their ranges and the values they hold, so an agent can read a dataset's shape before it writes a query.
Smaller files
The same rows split by a field, one JSON file each with a GeoJSON beside it. Each file carries the same provenance header.
By siteid (21 files)
by/siteid/index.json lists every file with its row count.
What changed
One version for every release the publisher has made since this site started following the dataset. The date is the day the file changed on the portal.
- 2026-01-19 31,850 rows9 fieldsutf-8-sigc1495deb43dc
versions.json · changes.json · history.tar.zst (83 KB, every version's Parquet and manifest)
Questions
How do I download Lakes and rivers water quality samples as a CSV file?
Open https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/latest/data.csv. It redirects to the newest dated version, which is https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/v/2026-01-19/data.csv today. The same path serves Excel, JSON, GeoJSON, Parquet, SQLite, DuckDB, GeoPackage, GeoParquet, NDJSON, Arrow. A dated URL never changes, so use it when the file must stay the same.
Can I open Lakes and rivers water quality samples in Excel?
Yes. https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/v/2026-01-19/data.xlsx is a workbook with the 31,850 rows on a records sheet, the field list on a second sheet and the provenance on a third. The CSV also opens in Excel. https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/v/2026-01-19/data.csv.gz is the CSV at about a tenth of the size.
What years does Lakes and rivers water quality samples cover?
The current version covers 2015 to 2024. Each release from Office of Water becomes a new dated version here, and earlier versions stay online.
How often is Lakes and rivers water quality samples updated?
Office of Water releases it yearly. This site checks the portal every week and adds a dated version when the file changes.
Can I use Lakes and rivers water quality samples commercially?
Yes. CC BY 3.0 AU allows commercial use, redistribution and derived works as long as the attribution is kept. The attribution string is in this page's side column and inside every file.
Is this the official source for Lakes and rivers water quality samples?
No. The publisher is Office of Water, City and Environment Directorate, and its page is https://www.data.act.gov.au/d/kcii-s5em. This site republishes the publisher's file without changing its content. The original sits beside every version as source.csv with its SHA-256, so the two can be compared.
How do I get only the rows for one siteid?
Every version has one JSON file per value of siteid, 21 files in the current version, listed with row counts at https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/v/2026-01-19/by/siteid/index.json. For example https://publicdata.au/d/act-lakes-rivers-water-quality/v/2026-01-19/by/siteid/bjk102.json holds the 3,329 rows where siteid is BJK102. A GeoJSON file sits beside each one.
What coordinate system does Lakes and rivers water quality samples use?
Longitude and latitude in decimal degrees as published. The publisher does not name the datum; GDA94 differs from GDA2020 and WGS84 by under 2 metres. The GeoJSON file uses the same coordinates, which is what GeoJSON expects.
What this site did to the data. Cells were typed, headers were renamed and the encoding was made UTF-8. Rows were left alone. The publisher's file sits beside every version as source.csv so the change can be checked.